JA-Department of Computing & IT

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    GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS ON TEFF IN ETHIOPIA
    (African Crop Science Journal, 2014) YUMBYA, J; VAATE, BIJ DE; KIAMBI, D; KEBEBEW, F
    The value of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for assessing climate change impacts on crop productivity cannot be over-emphasised. This study evaluated a GIS based methodology for teff (Eragrostis tef) production in Ethiopia. We examined the spatial implications of climate change on areas suitable for teff, and estimated the effects of altered environments on teff’s productivity. There was a non-linear relationship between suitability indices, the output of spatial analysis and teff yield data collected from diverse ecological zones. This served as the basis for country-wide crop yield analysis for both current and future climate scenarios. To complement this effort, a socio-economic survey was carried with a thrust of understanding the agricultural activities in the study area. With the current climatic conditions, 87.7% of Ethiopia is suitable for teff. On the other hand, approximately 67.7% of Ethiopia is expected to be suitable for teff production by 2050. Suitability index (SI) and the actual crop yield data showed a strong positive correlation (r = 74%). There is a predicted severe drop in teff yield (-0.46t ha-1) by the year 2050. Based on the current area under teff in Ethiopia, this equals an overall reduction in national production of about 1,190,784.12 t, equivalent to a loss of US$ 651 million to farmers. The results indicate that crop yield varied significantly as a function of climatic variation and that the model is applicable in assessing the impact of climate change on crop productivity at various levels taking into consideration spatial variability of climate.
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    Potential of SMS Based Automated Reminders towards Enhancing Adherence to Clinical Instructions for Dementia Patients: A Case of Healthcare Givers
    (International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 2019-08-01) Mirenja, Sheilah; Chepken, Christopher
    The dementia condition is a growing global challenge in both developed and developing countries. The profound negative effect of dementia; progressive deterioration in memory, thinking and behavior, affects a person’s ability to perform everyday activities including the ability to adhere to treatment or clinical appointment regime. In developed countries, elaborate programs that include carehomes and the use of technologies tailored to the needs of demented persons have been successfully implemented. The rising cases of dementia in developing countries, makes caring for persons with dementia an energy and timeconsuming exercise for the care givers, who in most cases are family. Previous studies have largely focused on evaluating the potential of technology to enhance adherence to clinical instructions for demented persons. Methods: This study focused on designing, implementing and evaluating the outcome of use of SMS based automated reminders for dementia care givers, towards enhancing adherence to clinical instruction for demented persons under their care. Statistical Analysis: Comparison of degree of adherence to clinical appointments before and after introduction of mHealth solution. Results: The outcome the study showed that the use of mobile technology has a positive outcome towards enhancing adherence to clinical instruction for persons with dementia. Conclusion: mHealth technology should be explored through design and implementation of custom-tailored solutions to aid care givers and improve quality of life of persons with dementia.
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    Contemporary Techniques for IS project Risk Management
    (2020) Obiria, P. B.
    Managing risks in modern businesses is a taxing venture that demand informed strategy for competitive advantage. While risks are inevitable in any IS projects, mitigatingtheir adverse effectsis the aim of all risk managers. A soapbox of mechanisms exist in actualizing effective risk management.Nonetheless, with the dynamic technological change,there isa constant emergenceof new risks hence necessitating newermethods to manage them.This study endeavours to critically review contemporary techniques for IS project management,
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    Managing Cross Cultural Differences in Projects Estimations
    (2020) Obiria, P. B.
    The likelihood of project success and enhanced organization’s competitive position can be as a results of effective use of cross-cultural project teams that provide a source of experience and innovative thinking. However, cultural differences and related conflicts can interfere with the successful completion of projects in today's multicultural global business community. To achieve project goals and avoid cultural misunderstandings, project managers should be culturally sensitive and promote creativity and motivation through flexible leadership. This paper describes the most well-known and accepted theories of cultural differences and illustrates them with examples from project estimations. These theories consider relations between people, motivational orientation, definition of self and others, attitudes toward time, risk, control, context, and the environment. We evaluate motivation and training of multicultural project teams and relevant implications for project management estimations. We provide specific examples of success and failure in multicultural projects and relate project performance to cultural differences. The paper concludes that multicultural project management can succeed through culturally-aware leadership, effective cross-cultural communication, mutual respect, and reconciliation. Without them, it is destined to fail.
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    Towards Cross Project Vulnerability Detection in Open Source Mobile Applications
    (2020-12) Obiria, P. B.
    Open source software avails its design publicly posing enormous risk to enterprises. Early vulnerabilities detection is an important step towards building secure open source mobile applications. Cross project vulnerability detection plays significant roles in appraising the most likely vulnerable components. However, current vulnerability detection models that identify vulnerable components are focused on reducing time and effort needed to secure software using process or product metrics and machine learning techniques. Conversely, little effort has been spent to deliver modalities to choose the training data for cross project vulnerability detection. Therefore, we present an empirical study and experiment to demystify cross project open source mobile app vulnerability detection using clustering, a data mining technique to group similar data. The study will be conducted on publicly available dataset of several open source mobile applications and in the context of cross project vulnerability detection.
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    Examining Emergency Remote Teaching Using the Community of Inquiry Framework: Lecturer Experiences in a Kenyan University
    (International Journal of Information and Communication Technology, 2021-01) Chiroma, Jane Adhiambo
    The COVID-19 global pandemic has forced many universities worldwide to switch from face-to-face classes to emergency remote teaching (ERT) to allow students to continue learning. Using the community of inquiry framework, this study aimed to examine a group of lecturers’ experiences of ERT at a university in Kenya. The study was conducted using a qualitative case study design within an interpretive paradigm. Ten lecturers were purposively selected to participate in semi-structured interviews. The findings suggest that these lecturers had established teaching presence, social presence, and cognitive presence to enhance students’ learning experiences during the time they engaged in ERT. The community of inquiry was found to be a useful framework by the researchers for lecturers to use in order to rethink, organize, and guide ERT at the university, which was the site of the study. This study has practical implications for course designers, researchers, and students at universities and other educational institutions concerning curriculum re-design using a CoI as a framework.