JA-Department of Leadership Studies

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Open Access
Influence Of Church Governance On The Level Of Congregational Giving: A Case Of Christian Churches In Utawala Ward, Nairobi, Kenya.
(International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2020-05-05) Musau, Nicholas Muasa; Kibuthu, Isaac Muitherero; Nyaga, Rahab N.
The issue of giving in the church has been approached with a lot of skepticism. Most churches experience difficulties in the way they have to teach their congregants on the importance of giving. More often than not, it is wondered why some people give while others do not, yet they go through the same kind of spiritual teachings. This study was undertaken with a purpose of examining the influence of church governance on the level of giving. The independent construct was church governance. The indicators of governance were consistency, accountability, integrity and transparency. The level of giving on the other hand was the dependent construct. The research was a descriptive survey study with quantitative method of data collection that was conducted in Utawala ward in Nairobi, Kenya. Purposive sampling was used to select five churches from a population of over thirty churches, and stratified sampling to select different clusters within the same church. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and oral interviews to selected leaders within the same churches. The study found that transparency, integrity, accountability and consistency influenced the level of giving in the church. Indeed, the study indicated that integrity played a key role in congregational giving and determined how much was given especially on projects. In the churches that practiced accountability and transparency, the level of giving was high while in those that did not, the level of giving was low. Further, in the churches that were consistent and especially in matters of exercising their constitution, the level of giving was high. The study concluded that in the leadership of those churches that presented financial reports, this was done consistently, there were structures in place to ensure accountability and there was a constitution in place to ensure consistency. The study recommends that leaders of churches should endeavor to be fair to all the faithful as fairness is a matter of perception and that the church diversifies its sources of funding by engaging in income generating activities for example church based schools which could improve their financial situation.
Open Access
Influence of Self-Efficacy and Emotional Intelligence on The Performance of Sales Managers: A Case of a FMCG in Nairobi, Kenya.
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS), 2023-06-08) Musau, Nicholas Muasa
The relationship between Sales Performance and Emotional intelligence has been a thoroughly researched construct. This study was undertaken to examine the influence of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on the performance of sales leaders of a FMCG in Nairobi, Kenya. The independent constructs were Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Self-efficacy, and the dependent construct was Sales Performance. The research was a qualitative survey with data collected from sales managers of a bottling company in the non-alcoholic-ready- to-drink (NARTD) industry. Purposive sampling was used to select five Area Sales Managers from the five regional markets which formed the company’s total universe. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews with the five selected managers. The study found that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy indeed influenced the level of sales performance among the sales leaders of the company. It concluded that sales leaders with a higher EI and self-efficacy demonstrated good leadership traits and consequently exhibited high sales performance. The study, therefore, advocates for the development of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy in sales leaders as key enablers to sales excellence.
Open Access
Influence of Transformational Leadership on Millennial Workforce Engagement in Compliant International NGOs in Kenya
(International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 2024-04-18) Mburu, Lucas N.; Ragui, Mary; Ongeti, Walter
International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) wield significant influence in shaping global governance and policies through advocacy, research, and international engagement. However, INGO managers face challenges stemming from low workforce engagement, impacting operational efficiency and program delivery. The present study delved into the leadership dynamics of engaging the Millennial Workforce within Kenya's INGO sector. It aimed to investigate the challenge of Millennial Workforce engagement within Kenya's INGO sector as a leadership issue by exploring both the collective and individual contribution of each transformational leadership dimension to their engagement. Using a correlational research design aligned with the positivist paradigm, the study focused on Millennial employees in Nairobi-based NGOs, particularly those with international scope. Targeting 251 registered INGOs, a sample of 32 was selected, with 384 Millennials surveyed using purposive sampling, resulting in 230 respondents. Data collection involved the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Hypotheses were tested by way of regression analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. While inspirational motivation emerged as the highest-rated leadership practice, it exhibited the lowest explanatory power for Millennial Workforce engagement. Conversely, individualized consideration, despite its lower rating, demonstrated the second-highest explanatory power after intellectual stimulation which topped the rank. Although transformational leadership overall significantly predicted engagement, the effect sizes of individual dimensions were not statistically significant. This underscores the importance of recognizing the collective impact of various leadership dimensions rather than focusing solely on individual aspects. It suggests that the combined effect of transformational leadership behaviors is crucial in influencing Millennial Workforce engagement, despite certain dimensions appearing more salient.
Open Access
Transformational Leadership, Soft HR Approach, and Millennial Workforce Engagement in International NGOs in Nairobi, Kenya
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS), 2024-05-10) Mburu, Lucas N.; Ragui, Dr. Mary, PhD; Ongeti, Dr. Walter, PhD
Engagement of the Millennial Workforce is a significant focus within the workplace. Their shared values and attitudes, influenced by similar social and economic circumstances, are of ongoing scholarly interest. Extant research indicates concerning levels of disengagement among Millennials in the workforce, with many open to new job opportunities due to intolerance for conflicts and ambiguity, despite demonstrating the ability to delve deep into issues. The current study aimed to investigate the issue of Millennial Workforce engagement within Kenya’s international non-governmental organization (INGO) sector as a leadership issue by examining the interaction between transformational leadership, soft HR management, and Millennial Workforce engagement. The study was anchored on McGregor’s Theory Y. The research was a cross-sectional survey involving a purposive sample of 384 Millennials drawn from 32 selected INGOs with physical presence in Nairobi. Data was collected using Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, researcher-developed Soft HR scale, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The data was subjected to mediator analysis following a four-step process using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The analysis demonstrated partial mediation, thus confirming the role of a soft HR approach as an intermediary in the connection between leadership and engagement. Creating a workplace environment that values Millennial’s input and participation is essential for driving their engagement. By providing forums for expression, listening to and acting on feedback, and involving them in decision-making processes, organizations can cultivate a culture of inclusivity, trust, and collaboration that keeps them highly engaged.
Open Access
Relationship between Idealized Influence (II) and Performance Contracts (PC) in Road Agencies in Kenya
(American Journal of Leadership and Governance, 2024-02-07) Githui, John Ngatia; Ragui, Dr. Mary; Nyakundi, Dr. Augustus Onchari
Purpose: This study entailed a diagnostic analysis of the relationship between idealized influence and performance contracts in road agencies in Kenya. The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between idealized influence and performance contracts in road agencies in Kenya. Operationalization of variables included idealized influence as an independent variable and performance contracts as a dependent variable. Theories that guided the study included transformational leadership theory and public management theory. Materials and Methods: Descriptive research design was used for the study and pragmatism was adopted as the philosophical framework for the research. Convergent parallel mixed method approach was adopted where data was collected through questionnaires for quantative data and structured interviews for qualitative data. The target population for the research was all staff members at top management and other officers in job group 6 (six) and above for the three road agencies in Kenya. These road agencies included Kenya National Highway Authority (KeNHA), Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) and Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA). Data collected was analyzed through descriptive statistics, inferential analysis and hypothesis testing. The collected data was presented through tables and figures. Findings from the above analysis indicated that the performance contracts process and its outcomes in road agencies in Kenya could be predicted by idealized influence. The null hypothesis was rejected as p value was less than p<0.05 threshold of significance level and the study concluded that idealized influence has a significant relationship with performance contracts in road agencies in Kenya. Findings: The study rejected the null hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between idealized influence and performance contracts in road agencies in Kenya. The foregoing was supported by both results and findings from descriptive statistics, hypothesis tested and structured interviews conducted in the three road agencies. Leaders who were interviewed in these road agencies indicated that they also practiced integrity and leadership behaviors that could be emulated by their followers. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study thus supported the transformational leadership theory that was adopted for the study. Further, the study has bridged and addressed gaps on motivation, training and lack of leadership as identified in the statement of problem. This study has recommended that policy makers in road agencies should include idealized influence in their leadership and also align it with their strategies as detailed in strategic plans, performance contracts and individual workplans to enhance motivation, training and capacity building among employees of the studied organizations. The study also contributed to the transformational leadership theory as the was supported by the findings that leaders in these organizations should be role models and practice integrity in the process of performance contracting in road agencies. The study further recommended that policy makers in road agencies should entrench appropriate leadership (transformational leadership) during the process of performance contracting in road agencies.
Open Access
Mediating Role of Collaboration on Transformational Leadership and Performance Contracts in Road Agencies in Kenya.
(Human Resource and Leadership Journal, 2024-02-13) Githui, John Ngatia; Ragui, Dr. Mary; Nyakundi, Dr. Augustus Onchari
Purpose: Type of leadership that can be considered effective, in the current set of environments would demand collaboration, listening skills, influence, and flexible adaptation to the existing environment in contrary to command and control systems in organizations. This study investigated the mediating role of collaboration to the relationship between transformational leadership and performance contracting in road agencies in Kenya. Operationalization of variables included transformational leadership as independent variable, performance contracting as the dependent variable and collaboration as the mediating variable. This study was guided by theories of transformational leadership and public value. Methodology: The study adopted mmixed methods approach where data was collected through questionnaires and structured interviews and target population for the research was all staff members in top management an d officers in job group 5 (five) and above for three road agencies in Kenya. The road agencies included Kenya National Highway Authority (KeNHA), Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) and Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA). The study utilized descriptive and inferential statistics used data analysis where regression was computed to determine correlations between independent, mediating and dependent variables. Findings: From the study findings and results, the relationship between transformational leadership and performance contracting in road agencies in Kenya was noted to be partially mediated by collaboration as p value was (p< 0.05). Collaboration was therefore noted as a very important component in an organization as employees are able to achieve their performance targets with ease as different sections and individuals support each in the process of performance contracting in road agencies in Kenya. This study recommends to policy makers in road agencies in Kenya to create a conducive environment of collaboration and teamwork as the same would enhance both individual and collective performance which ultimately influence levels of achievement of set targets in performance contracts in these organization. Unique contributor to theory, policy and practice: This study recommends further areas of research in general or overall performance of road agencies in Kenya and teamwork building processes, role of leadership in teamwork and in achieving individual and organizational performance.
Open Access
Transformational Leadership: Teachers' Idealized Influence on Students' Academic Performance in County Secondary Schools in Kirinyaga, Kenya
(THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES, 2021-04) Muriuki, Jane Nyaguthii; Nzinga, Dr. Edward; Chiroma, Dr. Jane Adhiambo
Leadership plays an essential role in any education development and quality of students' academic performance. In many parts of the world, including the developed and developing countries, there is the recognition that schools require influential leaders and managers if they are to provide the best possible education for their students. This study explores the relationship between transformational leadership and academic performance of secondary school students in Kirinyaga County. Education plays a vital role in bringing enlightened transformation in society. Therefore, understanding how the administration can improve students' performance in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) examinations in Kirinyaga County, is central to this study. The study examined teachers' idealized management practices as an essential indicator for a transformative leader on students' academic performance in KCSE. The study adopted an explanatory sequential mixed method research. This approach involved collecting quantitative data first, analyzing it and then developing qualitative interviews to follow the initial findings. The qualitative design focused on phenomenology, to understand how teachers' experienced idealized influence and how it affected their student's academic performance. In the quantitative phase, surveys were used to determine teachers' idealized Management practices (IMP) on Students Academic Performance (SAP). A random sampling of 48 teachers and 359 students were selected to participate in the survey from the total population of 484 teachers and 9,904 students. The researcher interviewed teachers to qualify their transformational leader knowledge on transformational leadership and experience in relation to their students' performance. Besides was a documentary analysis to obtain more information on students' academic performance. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics, analysis frequencies, means, standard deviations and percentages were calculated and presented in tables. Results revealed that IMP has a significant favorable influence on KCSE academic performance of 0.208 at alpha value 0.05 level of significance (2-tailed). Future research may focus on the impact of teachers and transformational leadership on school culture, among other areas of interest, to inform educational officers and other professionals working to support young people through effective transformational leadership around idealized management practices.
Open Access
Conceptualizing and Measuring Collaborative Leadership in an Organizational Context
(Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing Journal of Human Resource & Leadership, 2023-11) Ang'ana, Gilbert Atuto; Ongeti, Dr. Walter Juma; Chiroma, Dr. Jane Adhiambo
This study conceptualizes and investigates the impact of collaborative leadership on the performance of organizations by assessing authentic relationships, leaders' behaviour, and top echelons' support as indicators. Through a quantitative approach employing a questionnaire survey with 217 managers from insurance companies in Kenya, the research used Likert-style questions to gauge perceptions of these collaborative leadership factors and their correlation with performance. Analyzing the data involved descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Findings revealed that authentic relationships, leaders' behaviour, and top echelons significantly and positively impact the performance of these organizations, with top echelons' support being the most influential. Additionally, a combined measure of collaborative leadership encompassing all three variables showed a notable significant and positive impact on performance. The study underscores the significance of fostering employees' mutual understanding and respect within organizations, emphasizing their role in establishing a robust foundation for authentic relationships. These insights offer practical guidance for leaders and managers in organizations, aiming to elevate organizational performance by applying collaborative leadership principles.
Open Access
COLLABORATIVE LEADERSHIP AND PERFORMANCE: DOES ENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMISM MATTER?
(The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 2023-12-06) Ang'ana, G. A; Ongeti , W. J; Chiroma, J. A
The study delved into the relationship between environmental dynamism, collaborative leadership, and the performance of organizations and examined the moderating role of environmental dynamism on the link between collaborative leadership and performance. Based on a stratified random sample of insurance companies in Kenya and a Likert-style questionnaire survey involving 217 managers, two hypothesized models linking environmental dynamism, collaborative leadership, and performance were generated and tested quantitatively. The analysis involved descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Findings indicated that overall, environmental dynamism does not significantly moderate organizational performance. However, the results indicated that internal and external environmental dynamism individually influence the relationship between collaborative leadership and performance. These results highlighted the importance for organizational leaders to acknowledge the impact of internal and external environmental changes on their organization's performance. Additionally, they underscore the pivotal role of collaborative leadership in enhancing leaders' abilities to sustain performance. The paper contributes valuable insights by emphasizing that environmental dynamism and collaborative leadership profoundly shape organizational performance
Open Access
Collaborative Leadership and Performance: Towards Development of a New Theoretical Model
(Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 2023-11-21) Ang’ana, Gilbert A.; Ongeti, Dr. Walter J.
Contemporary research places significant emphasis on the vital role of collaborative leadership (CL) in addressing the recurring performance challenges faced by organizations. Despite ongoing discussions regarding the primary factors contributing to these challenges, leadership remains a central concern in scholarly discourse. This study aimed to explore the influence of CL on the performance of organizations. Employing an interpretivist research paradigm and qualitative research design, the research used a phenomenological approach to explore the perceptions and experiences of chief executive officers (CEOs) in insurance companies in Kenya. The study conducted semi-structured individual interviews with 11 CEOs between May and August 2023. Thematic analysis revealed three core CL themes and 16 associated sub-themes. The findings underscore the positive influence of CL on various aspects of performance. This research offers a comprehensive understanding of CL in organizations, contributing to knowledge and practice by proposing a model for enhancing CL in insurance companies.
Open Access
INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN KENYA
(International Journal of Current Research, 2024-04) Nyamota, Geoffrey; Kiambi, Prof, Dionysious; Mburugu, Dr. Kirema
Globally, leadership styles are endorsed as factors that determine the performance of enterprises. Certain approaches to leadership continue to be implemented despite facing widespread disapproval. A performance evaluation of agricultural enterprises in Kenya was conducted to assess the influence of leadership styles and capacity development. The assessment of agricultural enterprises' performance in Kenya encompassed both financial and non-financial indicators. The overarching aim of the research was to assess the influence of different leadership styles and capacity development initiatives on the performance of agricultural enterprises in Kenya. The study was guided by the Systems Theories and Path Goal Theory. The study evaluated the influence of Transformational, Transactional, Democratic and Autocratic leadership styles on the Performance of Agricultural Enterprises in Kenya. The moderating influence of Capacity Development on the relationship between Leadership Styles and the Performance of Agricultural Enterprises in Kenya was assessed. Explanatory sequential mixed methods approach was adopted using cross-sectional survey design to collect quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data were gathered using closed-ended questionnaires, while qualitative data were gathered using interview guides and focused group discussion guides. A stratified random sample of 222 leaders and employees was selected from a population of 525 leaders and employees drawn from a census of 105 agricultural enterprises for the quantitative study. Qualitative data drew a sample of 40 participants. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics as provided for in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The overall findings of the study indicate that agricultural enterprises in Kenya perform better under transformational, transactional, and democratic leadership styles but adversely affected by autocratic leadership. The study revealed that the performance of agricultural enterprises in Kenya is significantly moderated by capacity development. The study recommends the implementation of capacity development initiatives by governments, donors and capacity building organizations to enhance the performance of agricultural enterprises in Kenya.
Open Access
Influence of Transactional Leadership Style on Performance of Agricultural Enterprises in Kenya
(East African Journal of Business and Economics, 2024-06-16) Nyamota, Geoffrey Rogito , PhD; Kiambi, Prof. Dionysious Kihika , PhD; Mburugu, Kirema Nkanata , PhD
The influence of Transactional Leadership Style on the Performance of Agricultural Enterprises in Kenya has been evaluated. The assessment of agricultural enterprises' performance encompassed both financial and non-financial indicators. The microenterprise sector, a significant catalyst for economic expansion in Kenya and numerous other countries, has been overlooked in prior research that concentrated on large corporations. The overarching theory was the Path Goal Theory of Leadership. Academics have predominantly adopted quantitative methodologies, neglecting the potentially explanatory value of qualitative approaches. The objective of the study was to assess the influence of the transactional leadership style on the performance of agricultural enterprises in Kenya with a null hypothesis linked to it. The Study utilized explanatory sequential mixed methods approach. Quantitative data were gathered using closed-ended questionnaires, while qualitative data were gathered using interview guides and focused group discussion guides. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design. The research sample consisted of 222 leaders and employees out of the population of 525 from a census of 105 agricultural enterprises for the quantitative study. Qualitative research adopted a sample of 40 participants. The quantitative was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 28.0.1. Inferential statistics was used to test the hypothesis while qualitative data was analysed using content analysis to arrive at conclusions and recommendations. The results revealed that Transactional Leadership Style significantly influenced the performance of agricultural enterprises in Kenya. The study concludes that agricultural enterprises in Kenya can significantly enhance their performance by incorporating transactional Leadership Style. Capacity building organizations, donor agencies and government agencies wanting should develop policies that help enterprises to adopt transactional leadership style for enhanced performance to address challenges of food security.
Open Access
THE INFLUENCE OF BALANCED PROCESSING CONSTRUCT AMONG HEALTH LEADERS ON THE GOVERNANCE OF COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITALS IN KENYA
(Reviewed Journal International of Business Management, 2023-09-30) Mutemi, Eunice; Kimiywe, Prof. Judith; Nyakundi, Dr. Augustus PhD
Authentic Leadership has received considerable attention because of its potential implications on the governance of an organization. Scholars have outlined authentic leadership as a possible solution for the governance of hospitals today. This study focused on five County referral hospitals. The preparedness of County referral hospitals was a challenge during the implementation of devolution in Kenya. The transfer of national government services to the County governments was occasioned by the promulgation of the Kenyan constitution 2010. Authentic leadership is one of the most effective types of leadership and its influence on the governance of health institutions has rarely been addressed in Kenya. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of balanced processing on the governance of County referral hospitals in Kenya. This mixed methods study was anchored on pragmatism philosophy where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. The study population included County health leaders such as director of health, County health management team and health program managers. This included doctors, nurses, nutritionists, clinical officers, public health officers, and health workers in the sampled five County referral hospitals. The study employed both purposive and random sampling techniques. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data was analyzed based on emerging themes in narrative form as guided by the study objectives. It was determined that there exists a relationship between balanced processing, leadership efficacy and governance of County referral hospitals in Kenya. The government and key stakeholders could apply the results in policy making. Effective policy could ensure that all health institutions engage and develop leaders’ authentic leadership knowledge and skills. The Ministry of Health should utilize the capacity building recommendations to develop those in service in order to improve the leadership and governance of health institutions in Kenya and beyond.
Open Access
THE INFLUENCE OF AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ON THE GOVERNANCE OF COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITALS IN KENYA
(Reviewed Journal International of Business Management, 2023-10) Mutemi, Eunice; Kimiywe, Prof. Judith; Nyakundi, Dr. Augustus PhD
Authentic Leadership has received considerable attention because of its potential implications on the governance of an organization. Scholars have outlined authentic leadership as a possible solution for the governance of hospitals today. This study focused on five County referral hospitals. The preparedness of County referral hospitals was a challenge during the implementation of devolution in Kenya. The transfer of national government services to the County governments was occasioned by the promulgation of the Kenyan constitution 2010. Authentic leadership is one of the most effective types of leadership and its influence on the governance of health institutions has rarely been addressed in Kenya. The broad objective of this study was to determine the influence of authentic leadership on the governance of County referral hospitals in Kenya. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the influence of self-awareness, internalized moral perspective, balanced processing, and relational transparency on the governance of County referral hospitals in Kenya. This mixed methods study was anchored on pragmatism philosophy where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. The study population included County health leaders such as director of health, County health management team and health program managers. This included doctors, nurses, nutritionists, clinical officers, public health officers, and health workers in the sampled five County referral hospitals. The study employed both purposive and random sampling techniques. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data was analyzed based on emerging themes in narrative form as guided by the study objectives. It was determined that there exists a relationship between authentic leadership, leadership efficacy, and governance of County referral hospitals in Kenya. The government and key stakeholders could apply the results in policy making. Effective policy could ensure that all health institutions engage and develop leaders’ authentic leadership knowledge and skills. The Ministry of Health should utilize the capacity building recommendations to develop those in service in order to improve the leadership and governance of health institutions in Kenya and beyond.
Open Access
An Empirical Analysis of the Moderating Effect of Organizational Context on the Relationship between Leadership Process and Effectiveness of Freight Forwarding Firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing Journal of Human Resource & Leadership, 2024-04) Ndonye, Davies Mutuku; Wandiga, Dr. Eunice Ngina; Odiyo, Dr. Wilson J. O.
Highly competitive and fast shifting market conditions require business enterprises to possess superior organizational capabilities for success. Previous studies have identified persistent challenges including leadership processes and complex work environments as constraints to organizational success. The freight forwarding sector in Kenya grapples with challenges related to high operational costs, poor co-ordination, and rapid developments in information technology and related insecurity. Literature on organizational leadership has neither addressed nor empirically tested the dimensions of gauging effectiveness of freight forwarding firms. Specifically, there is lack of empirical investigation linking organizational context with leadership process and effectiveness of freight forwarding firms. This study sought to investigate the moderating effect of organizational context on the relationship between leadership process (tactical, strategic, and situational influence) and effectiveness of freight forwarding firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Through a mixed methods approach, the study adopted explanatory sequential design anchored on the Balanced Score Card model, Institutional Theory and Structuralism Theory. Target population was 400 freight forwarding firms practicing in Nairobi City County, from which 276 respondents were selected through stratified random sampling. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaires with a response rate of 84% while qualitative data was collected from 10 key informants through in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics used were frequencies, means and standard deviation, while regression analysis was used to test the study hypotheses. Qualitative data was subjected to thematic analysis. Results established that organizational context has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between leadership process and firm effectiveness. With leadership process viewed through input > processing > output logic, the external environment provides streams of opportunities in terms of inputs, which firms can harness to create competitive advantage and effectiveness. Findings demonstrated the link between leadership process, organizational context, and effectiveness. Management should entrench effective leadership process through active deployment of appropriate influence strategies to generate key capabilities and conducive work contexts. Government policies should promote collaborative approaches among supply chain partners. The study recommends future research to expand the conceptual, methodological, and contextual scope for more representative conclusions.
Open Access
Relevance of Master of Business Administration programme to selected organisations in Kenya
(PAC University journal of arts and social sciences, 2016-01-01) Mwanthi, Titus; Kalele, Dorcas
The corporate world is continuously seeking to employ highly qualified Master of Business Administration (MBA) graduates from the best universities. The research on which this paper was based sought to establish relevance of the MBA programme in corporate Kenya. The research studied one hundred MBA students from five selected universities and forty employees from five selected companies. The research used descriptive design and purposive and systematic sampling. Data was collected through structured questionnaires. It was then analysed using SPSS and presented through charts, graphs and tables. The study found that the MBA programme was relevant to corporate organisations and equipped graduates with relevant leadership skills at places of work. However, some MBA programmes did not address specific industrial needs and some curricula lacked experiential learning. The study recommended introduction of experiential learning, mentorship, use of local case studies and addressing specific industrial needs.
Open Access
The Role of Self-Efficacy in Self-Leadership
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES, 2018-07) Sambu, John K.
This paper explains the role of self-efficacy in addressing the deficiencies in self-leadership using theories of leadership, principles of management and self-leadership. This paper adopted a qualitative approach using secondary sources as a method of collecting data. The research found out that people with low self-efficacy maintain a negative self-evaluation to gain a sense of control over themselves, their emotions and maintain low levels of distress and existential anxiety as explained in the cognitive experiential self-theory. It was also found that people with deficiencies in self-leadership need to build their self-acceptance through reading articles on self-leadership, working closely with mentors, be in relationships with people who will accept them the way they are and leveraging their spirituality. The most influential factor influencing self-efficacy was found to be personal performance accomplishments. Proposals for developing self-efficacy were identified as mastery of experiences, social persuasion, social modelling and psychological responses. This paper is not exhaustive and is left open for further research.
Open Access
Mentoring: A Faith Based Relational Leadership Approach in Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism in Kenya
(International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 2019-11-30) Mbugua, Charles; Mang'eli, Sammy; Ragui, Mary
The article examines the role that mentoring, a critical relational leadership process would have in preventing and countering violent extremism by first examining the contexts of radicalization into violent extremism and past violent extremist attacks. Youths and adolescents in Kenya have been radicalized into violent extremism with resultant acts of terror that have resulted in; mass fatalities, casualties, destruction of facilities, disruption of livelihoods and business, and creation of immense fear within the public. The first major attack that seemed to have opened this cycle of al Qaeda and al Shabaab-led Jihadist attacks was the August, 1998 twin-bombing of the USA embassies in Kenya and Tanzania. Since then, we have had the advent of; al Qaeda, its affiliate al Shabaab, and ISIS attacks rising within the African continent with heavy impacts of death trails, casualties, and destruction. This year, Kenya has suffered a number of attacks targeting both soft and hard targets. Among the soft targets was the attack targeting Dusit Hotel in the upmarket 14 Riverside Complex, which left 21 Kenyans and foreigners dead. By extension there have been a number of IED attacks targeting the security services of Kenya many fatalities and casualties. All these attacks have been executed by violent extremists among who are Kenyan youth who have been recruited and radicalized into violent extremism as an ideology that is leveraged on the Islam religion. This ideology of Jihadism is skewed but uses narratives that easily appeal to those targeted for radicalization. Consequently there is an urgent need to have in place relevant mentoring leadership practice to enhance worldviews and perspectives among youth and adolescents which are in tandem with what a sane world subscribes to. It then becomes imperative to have a faith-based mentoring approach that is devoid of extremism and which gives the pool of those targeted a leadership component. This deliver a countering and preventive relational leadership model enhancing resilience of individuals and communities, while countering narratives and propaganda inherent in the recruitment and radicalization to violent extremism. Following literature review and conceptualization of the variables, this article concludes that preventive and countering violent extremism measures are best deployed first amongst the youth, who form the largest and most vulnerable pool of those targeted for radicalization due to; their crave for an identity, promises of a utopian caliphate on earth and life upon death, poverty, joblessness, presence of ungoverned spaces such as the complex cyber space, and dysfunctional social systems including families.
Open Access
Affective Commitment: A Comparative Study across Variant Units and Ranks of the National Police Service, Kenya
(International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2020-05) Mbugua, Charles
Many researches on organizational leadership of security services lack attention on organizational commitment, and by extension on its key dimension: affective commitment. Similarly studies on the National Police Service of Kenya have majorly focused on corruption, ignoring the critical place of affective commitment: the construct which reflectsthe extent to which employees are emotionally attached to the organization. This study was then carried out to identify the perception levels of affective commitment across the units and ranks of National Police Service, Kenya. Analysis revealed an overall low level of affective commitment (mean= 2.806) with the middle rank range of sergeant to senior sergeant having the highest level (mean= 2.843). From the findings,the service then needs to adopt an organizational leadership practice that focuses on enhancing affective commitment across its units and ranks, if officers are to offer quality service in line with the envisaged vision.
Open Access
Land Administration in Kenya: The Case For Leading and Managing Change
(International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2021-05-31) Oloo, Martin O.; Opio, P.; Ongeti, Walter J.
The state of Land administration and management in Kenya has, despite numerous reform efforts, remained fractured and uncoordinated over time. With the adoption of the National Land Policy in 2009, the Constitution of Kenya 2010 and the creation of the National Land Commission (NLC), Land administration and management straddles across two institutions i.e., the Ministry of Lands and Physical Planning, which is created under the Executive Order 2018, and the independent constitution commission, National Land Commission. The land administration functions straddles between the two entities with a performance that is less than satisfactory. Over the years, task forces and commissions have been set up to address the need for security tenure, protection and enforcement of land rights. Most often the solutions proffered have been bureaucratic, administrative and in some cases legal. It is, however, our proposition that strategic leadership through leading and managing change, can play a key role in improving performance of the land administration and management function. The study sought to investigate the influence of leading and managing change on the performance of land administration function in Kenya. The study used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The target population was 2880 staff who work on land administration and sampled customers who access their services. The Slovin's Formula was used to estimate the sample size. The sample of 351, was arrived at through a stratified random sampling method. In addition, the research employed document analysis at the respective headquarters of the National Land Commission and the Ministry of Lands and Physical Planning. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative data with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22). Descriptive statistics included frequency distribution, mean (the measure of central tendency), standard deviation (the measure of dispersion) and percentages. Besides, inferential statistics include regression analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Thematic content analysis will be used for qualitative analysis and presented in a narrative form. The study established that leading and managing change has positive and a statistically significant effect on the performance of the Land Administration and management function in Kenya (β1=0.468; p-value=0.000). The study recommends that the top management in the two organizations should formulate and implement programmes aimed at motivating, rewarding innovativeness and creativity among the employees. In addition, the study recommends that both the Ministry and the NLC should make an effort of increasing the budget for staff training. This will equip the employees with the needed skills to carry out their duties hence improving service delivery.