TD-Department of Leadership Studies (MST)
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Open Access INFLUENCE OF INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERS’ PERSONALITY AND TRAINING ON THEIR PREFERENCE FOR ONLINE AND FACE-TO-FACE MODES OF TEACHING: A CASE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI, KENYA(PAC University, 2019-06) Bett, Stacy CheronoPeople’s personalities significantly influence how they conduct their work. Specifically, studies have shown that instructors teach based much more on their teaching preferences than stipulated teaching guidelines. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between an instructor’s personality coupled with relevant training, and its influence on their work. With the advent of technology that now facilitates distance learning, this study sought to investigate the extent to which instructors’ preferences for online or face-to-face modes of teaching are a function of their personalities. The geographical scope of the study was the University of Nairobi, and the total available population was 33 faculty members who teach using both face-to-face and online modes. The study was guided by the Big Five Theory of Personality and the Role Theory of Leadership as its theoretical framework. It adopted a descriptive approach using a survey research design. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires. Since the population was small, a census was taken and 19 respondents responded. After data analysis using Cost And McCrae’s standardized tool for personality testing, the findings showed that personality seemed to have little or no influence on the instructional leader’s preference for specific modes of teaching, and a majority of the respondents preferred blended modes of teaching as opposed to purely face-to-face or purely online modes. Finally, all the respondents stated that they had received training from the institution to facilitate online classes. However, 71% said that they had received 50-100% training 21% said that they had received 20-50% training, and the remaining 21% claimed 10-20% training. Further, the respondents attributed 58% of the training they had received to the institution, 21% to their colleagues, and 21% to themselves. The study’s recommendations were that national bodies regulating higher education teaching practices should research, analyze and set in place appropriate policies as the most effective ways of training university lecturers to facilitate emerging modes of teaching, other institutions of higher learning should conduct activities such as benchmarking in UoN as well as other well-performing schools, and universities and other higher learning institutions should also encourage internal training where lecturers who have knowledge on how to facilitate various modes of teaching can teach those who are still growing in the area of online learning facilitation.Item Open Access Transformational Leadership and Organisational Culture: The Case of Commercial Banks Listed on The Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya.(PAC University, 2024-08-15) Evalyn A. OlooTransformational leadership has often been seen as a remedy for organizational issues as implied in current research and literature. The banking sector in Kenya, particularly the listed banks in the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) are allegedly experiencing leadership challenges, as evidenced by high staff turnover rates and frequent mergers. The primary aim of this study was to establish the influence of transformational leadership on the organizational culture of commercial banks listed on the NSE. The specific study objectives were to assess the effect of idealized influence on organizational culture, to establish the influence of inspirational motivation and organizational culture, to examine the effects of intellectual stimulation on organizational culture and to evaluate the role of individual consideration on organizational culture of commercial banks. The research employed a positivism research philosophy and a descriptive research design. The study was guided by both Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory and Schein's Theory of Organizational Culture. The target population was two hundred and sixty-four employees drawn from different commercial banks listed in the stock exchange. A sample size of one hundred and fifty-nine (159) members was chosen from different commercial banks listed under the NSE to represent the large population using stratified sampling. The study used survey questionnaires to collect primary data from sampled respondents which were then analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The study findings were presented in the form of percentages, tables and graphs. The study findings revealed that individually each independent variable had a positive and significant relationship with organizational culture. However, when considered jointly, their level of influence remained positive, but insignificant. Individual consideration remained positive and significant in influencing the organizational culture of commercial banks listed in the NSE. The study concludes that transformational leadership significantly enhances the organizational culture of commercial banks listed in the NSE. Bank managers and all other executives leaders should focus on providing clear goals and objectives, fostering team spirit, encouraging critical thinking, and investing in continuous training and development for all stakeholders. These actions will create a cohesive and innovative work environment, leading to improved performance and employee satisfaction.Item Open Access Adaptive Leadership and Performance of Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions in Nairobi County, Kenya(PAC University, 2024-08-14) Joseph Opanda NamutalaThe study investigated the effect of adaptive leadership on performance of Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions (DTMFIs) in Nairobi County. In particular, the study set out to; determine the effect of situational challenges, adaptive leadership behavior, adaptive work, and emotional intelligence on the performance of Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions in Nairobi County. The main theory that anchored the study was Adaptive leadership theory which was supported by organizational learning theory, balanced score card (BSC) model, and emotional intelligence theory. The study adopted the postpositivist philosophy. The research design was descriptive and explanatory with a target population of 298 senior, middle-level, and lower-level managers drawn from 12 Deposit Taking Microfinance Institutions in Nairobi County. Primary data was collected using a semistructured questionnaire from 102 out of 169 respondents selected from the target population. Descriptive analysis was done using mean, frequency and standard deviation while inferential analysis was done using correlation and regression analysis. The findings indicated that adaptive leadership had a positive and significant effect on the performance of DTMFIs. Further, it was established that situational challenges, adaptive leadership behavior, adaptive work, and emotional intelligence had positive and significant effect on the performance of DTMFIs in Nairobi County. The study concluded that adaptive leadership had a positive and statistically significant effect on the performance of DTMFIs in Nairobi County. The study therefore recommends that senior, middle-level, and lowerlevel managers should focus on various elements of adaptive leadership for improved performance of DTMFIs in Nairobi County. Further investigation can be done on adaptive work and emotional intelligence in different contexts to find out the consistency of its effect on performanceItem Open Access Situational Leadership and Development of Youth Leaders in Citam Selected Assemblies, Kenya(PAC University, 2024-08-14) Stephen Anyonje OngukoThe church continues to be the institution that young people look to for leadership skills in order to fill available leadership positions. However, youth pastors lack the necessary situational leadership capacity, which may have an impact on the development of future youth leaders. This study sought to assess situational leadership and its application by youth pastors in developing youth leaders with specific reference to the selected Christ is The Answer Ministries (CITAM) assemblies in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was anchored on Situational Leadership Theory and supported by Strategic Leadership Theory and Transformational Theory. Target population of this study was the 90 youth pastors and 184 mentees from all the eleven (11) CITAM branches in Nairobi County. The study applied exploratory research design on a sample of 163 respondents (youth pastors & mentees) from eleven CITAM assemblies in Nairobi County. A systematic questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28 was used to obtain descriptive and inferential statistics from the data. The link between the independent factors and the dependent variable were determined using regression analysis. The study found significant relationship between coaching, directive as well as supportive behaviours and development of youth leaders within selected CITAM Assemblies in Nairobi. On youth pastors’ competence, the study has shown that there is significant relationship between youth Pastor’ competence and development of youth leaders within selected CITAM Assemblies in Nairobi. According to the study, a unit change in youth Pastor’ competence leads a decline development of youth leaders by 42.3% when P value =0.05. The study has concluded that maintaining coaching behaviour of situational leadership is the key to any development of youth leaders in the selected CITAM assemblies. The study also concludes that youth Pastor’ competence was not favourable to development of youth leaders in the study area and therefore, the sampled church branches of CITAM were not keen on interpersonal skills, communication skills, as well as democratic skills. The study recommends the sampled church branches of CITAM in the selected CITAM assemblies to place greater emphasis on coaching behaviour of situational leadership because this has the biggest impact on development of youth leaders in the church. Additionally, it is recommended that the sampled church branches in the research area evaluate the youth pastors’ competence within the church as it appears to be negatively associated with development of youth leaders in order to achieve better results in developing of youth leaders in the church.Item Open Access Influence Of Transformational Leadership on Knowledge Management Practices in Select Family-Owned Businesses in Kenya: A Case of Tumaini Gardens and English Press(PAC University, 2024-08-14) Nicholas MungaiFamily-owned businesses play a critical role in propelling the economic, political, and social advancement of a nation. However, for such businesses to continually influence a global, regional and national growth, they need to have transformational leaders, who will inspire, motivate, and encourage employees to acquire, share, utilize, and store knowledge. The study sought to investigate the influence of transformational leadership on knowledge management practices in family-owned businesses. The study was embedded on two theories namely Transformational Leadership Theory and Knowledge Management Theory. The study was anchored on the interpretivist worldview and adopted qualitative research design, using a,using a phenomenological approach. However, to enable the researcher understand behavior, and attitudes embedded in transformational leadership and knowledge management, the study also collected and analyzed quantitative data. Moreover, the quantitative data was useful in describing the characteristic of the study population and how they experience both transformational leadership and knowledge management. The target population of the study was all the 144 employees of Tumaini Gardens (42 employees) and English Press Limited (102 employees), whereby 17% or 24 participants formed the sample size. The study used a questionnaire to collect quantitative data from the operational/junior staff administered physically. To support the questionnaire survey, an interview guide was employed on senior leadership, middle level managers as well as supervisors selected through purposive sampling to provide qualitative perspectives. Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data while quantitative data was analysed using descriptive as well as inferential statistics. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28 was used in analysis. The results revealed a positive significant relationship between individualized consideration, inspiration motivation as well as idealized influence traits of transformational leadership and knowledge management (r = 0.738, p = 0.037 < 0.05; (r = 0.624, p =0.017 < 0.05; r = 0.514, p= 0.031 < 0.05, respectively). Further, the findings found a strong negative relationship between intellectual stimulation trait of transformational leadership and knowledge management (r = -0.844, p= 0.012 < 0.05). The dominant descriptive results showed that the business leaders spends time mentoring and coaching junior staff; policies and procedures manuals were regularly updated; and that managers emphasized on employee learning and development. The study concluded that, the more the individualized consideration as well as intellectual stimulation, the better the knowledge management practices was likely to be sustained notwithstanding the minimal effect. The study recommends the sampled family-owned businesses sustain individualized consideration as well as inspiration motivation traits of transformational leadership. There is need to enhance mechanisms for mentoring and coaching junior staff as well as regularly updating business policies and procedures manuals. It is recommended that sampled family-owned businesses need to re-evaluate and adopt intellectual stimulation trait of transformational leadership which is lacking because it was negatively associated with knowledge management practices. This can be done by encouraging new insights from employees and by taking employees new ideas into consideration. To further establish the link between transformational leadership and knowledge management practices, it is proposed that other businesses other than family-owned businesses be examined and empirically proven.Item Open Access Mediating Effect of Organization Culture on Strategic Leadership and Performance of Postal Corporation of Kenya(PAC University, 2024-08-14) Maureen Adira KhaniriPostal Corporation of Kenya has been experiencing challenges arising from mismanagement, poor strategy implementation, ineffective systems control, lack of strategic direction, poor governance, among others which has contributed to poor performance. The study's general objective was to determine the mediating effect of organization culture on strategic leadership and performance of postal corporation of Kenya. The study specific objectives was to assess the effect of technology innovation on the performance of postal corporation of Kenya, determine effect of employee involvement on the performance of postal corporation of Kenya, ascertain the effect of strategic direction on the performance of postal corporation of Kenya, find out the effect of strategic thinking on performance of postal corporation of Kenya and to determine mediating effect of organisational culture on the relationship between strategic leadership and performance of postal corporation of Kenya. The study was underpinned by the diffusion of innovation theory as the primary framework, supplemented by the goalsetting theory and the theory of employee engagement. Positivism research philosophy was employed in the study. The study used explanatory research design. The target study sites comprised of 204 middle and top management of postal corporation of Kenya. The study employed stratified sampling technique in selecting a sample size of 135. This study employed questionnaires as an instrument for capturing data. Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient which were above 0.7. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, while inferential statistics, including correlation and regression analysis, were employed, with the study findings presented using tables and graphs. The study ethical issues were addressed by informed consent, privacy, confidentiality, anonymity, and researchers’ responsibility. Findings showed that technological innovation (β = 0.456, ρ<0.05), employee involvement (β = 0.346, ρ<0.05), strategic direction (β = 0.198, ρ<0.05) had significant and positive effect on performance of postal corporation of Kenya, However, strategic thinking (β =- 0.022, ρ>0.05) had insignificant effect on performance of postal corporation of Kenya. The study concludes that strategic leadership (technological innovation, employee involvement and strategic direction) is vital for performance of postal corporation of Kenya. Thus, the study recommends that the Postal Corporation in Kenya adopts and reinforces policies and practices that prioritize technological innovation, employee involvement and strategic initiatives to align with the unique operational dynamics and challenges of the Postal Corporation.Item Open Access Influence of Spiritual Leaders of the Church in Fulfillment of the Great Commission in Thika Town(Pan Africa Christian University, 2018-11) Kamau, BernardThe fulfillment of the Great Commission was very effective in the first century under the apostles of Jesus Christ and many other successful endeavors have been made on the same over the years in diverse ways. The spiritual leaders of the church today face a great challenge in fulfillment of the Great Commission due to the changing dynamics and demographics. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of spiritual leaders of the church on fulfilment of the Great Commission. The specific objectives of the study were: to determine the influence of the spiritual leaders of the church through spiritual mentoring, leadership empowerment, leadership involvement of members for participation and leadership contact with members and other people on fulfilment of the Great Commission. The study adopted an explanatory research design and the study population was made up of bishops, pastors, and elders in the selected representative churches in Thika Town. The sample size was 60 respondents who were selected using stratified and purposive methods. The study used both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected by use of semi – structured questionnaires while secondary data was collected from journals and records from churches. Descriptive data analysis was used to analyse the responses. The findings of the study rated the spiritual leaders of the church in Thika town slightly above average in their influence on members towards the fulfilment of the Great Commission. It showed that all the four aspects of leadership: spiritual mentorship, leaders empowerment, involving others for participation and leaders contact with others are important tools through which leaders can/should influence. Regression results indicated that with exception of leadership involving members, all the other three objectives were statistically significant. The key recommendations of the study was that, it is the spiritual leader’s responsibility to mentor, empower, and keep contact with their members as they open up opportunities for them to serve. Further research could investigate the results of the leadership aspects examined here on the fulfillment of the Great Commission. Key words: spiritual leaders, mentorship, empowerment, involvement, contact, great commission.Item Open Access The Effect of School Mission Statement on Student Academic Performance : A Study of Secondary Schools in Wakiso District, Uganda(Pan Africa Christian University, 2017-10) Barasa, Mercy ChemutaiA stated mission is essential to the leadership of a school institution as it provides a strategic basis for all of its decisions, policies, and activities. The study sought to determine the effect of the school mission statement on student academic performance in Wakiso District, Uganda. The literature reviewed showed that a key characteristic of effective schools is the possession of a clear and focused school mission. A descriptive research design was adopted in which a mixed methods design was applied to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. The sample consisted of 69 secondary schools which were categorized as high, middle, and low-performing according to their performance in the 2016 Uganda Certificate of Examinations. The study revealed 13 major themes in the mission statements of the schools. It was found that the mission statements of high-performing schools focused more on academic excellence, knowledge and skill acquisition, and social responsibility while those of middleperforming schools focused more on religion and quality education, and those of lowperforming schools focused on self-reliance and holistic education. From the findings of the study it was concluded that the effect of the mission statement on the academic performance of students was indirect through values imbued in the students, supportive infrastructure, and co-curricular activities. Based on the research findings, the researcher recommended that all schools increase implementation of their mission statements and periodically review it with the participation of stakeholders. The researcher proposed that a study be done into the methods of implementation of the mission statement in exemplary schools. The researcher also suggested that research be done into the effect of the school mission on school culture.Item Open Access Strategic Leadership and Organizational Performance: A Case of Southern Africa Union Conference of Seventh Day Adventist Church(Pan Africa Christian University, 2018-09) Kashandula, Milan NjelwaThis study addressed strategic leadership and organizational performance in the achievement of organizational goals. The independent construct in this study was strategic leadership and the dependent construct was organizational performance. I used descriptive survey study to collect quantitative data at Southern Africa Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventist Church in South Africa. A descriptive survey involves asking questions in the form of a questionnaire of a large group of individuals. The study was anchored on a causal model of organizational performance & change model developed by Burke & Litwin (1992). Strategic Leadership is anchored on transformational leadership theory which is one of the prominent theories style of leadership which was associated with Burns and Bass. This is a type of research model that is used to obtain data that helps to determine specific characteristics of a group. I used stratified random sampling technique through selecting existing subgroups in the population to access the sample. From the target population, the resultant sample size was 93. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire to top management who are the Union officers and their associates such as president, executive secretaries, chief financial officer and financial officers. Middle managers (departmental directors) and support staff (accountants, secretaries, IT technicians, human resources officers and pension fund administrators) also participated. During the process of data collection, out of the 93 respondents to whom the questionnaire was administered, only 83 filled and returned it. This was a response rate of 89.3%, summarized using the mean and standard deviation from the descriptive statistics. The findings indicated a significant statistical relationship between the independent and dependent variables. This study concluded that strategic leadership, strategic vision and mission, organizational strategic planning, managing individual behaviour and organizational culture change all have positive significant relationships with organizational performance. Therefore, Strategic leadership and organizational performance remains a cornerstone on which organizations can be anchored as they strive to achieve competitive advantages. The findings also showed that vision and mission of the organization should be clearly conveyed to all employees by top management. Departments that are well aligned with organization's vision and mission achieve organizational goals and objectives, and can enhance organizational performance. This study recommended that future studies could be conducted at a later stage in the area of result based leadership and organizational goals in the context of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church.Item Open Access An Evaluation of The Contribution of Christian Education In The Growth of Pentecostal Assemblies of God Kenya (PAGK), A Case Study of Lake District in Kisumu County(Pan Africa Christian University, 2017-10) Moseti, EnochThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of Christian Education in the growth of the Pentecostal Assemblies of God Kenya (PAGK); a case study of Lake District in Kisumu County. Lack of proper and efficient administration of Christian Education had led to the stagnation of both spiritual and numerical growth of the church. It was hypothesized in this study that proper administration of Christian Education would lead to church growth within the PAGK in Lake District in Kisumu County. This study was carried out in PAGK Lake District in Kisumu County. A sampled population of 163 participants responded to questionnaires as the main study method. The analysis of data was through excel and power BI. This was a descriptive survey. The main finding of this study was that Christian Education was practiced within PAGK Lake District but it was not properly and intentionally managed. Lack of balanced doctrinal teachings was identified as one of the main reasons why it could not support a balanced spiritual and numerical growth of the PAGK Lake District in Kisumu County. From the findings, this imbalance was confirmed when it was noted that there was more emphasis on payment of tithes and offerings than the teachings on Christian witnessing and the baptism in the Holy Spirit. These are the core beliefs of the church which should also have been emphasized. The findings of this study will be used to redirect the approach to Christian Education teachings in order to offset the stagnated spiritual and population growth of the PAGK Lake District. It is also hoped that the findings of the study may help establish a vibrant Christian Education Department that will be instrumental in propelling church growth within PAGK as a whole.Item Open Access The influence of the Ministry of the Laity on the Numerical Growth of the Pentecostal Assemblies of God Church (Kenya) in Kabete District.(Pan Africa Christian University, 2017-10) Oyando, ErastusThis study investigated the influence of the ministry by laity on the numerical growth of PAG Churches in Kabete District in Nairobi Kenya. Descriptive research design was used. Data was collected using questionnaire administered to a sample of 200 respondents in 5 assemblies. The data was analyzed and presented in tables, percentages and figures. The SPSS tool was used for data analysis. The major findings showed that in terms of influence of laity involvement in numerical Church growth, most of the respondents were serving in various ministries of the Church which resulted in numerical growth as observed in the last five years. The result also indicate a high level of willingness of the respondents to continue serving. However, there was little impact in the number of new churches established in terms of laity involvement in ministry. It was concluded that laity involvement in ministry influenced membership growth to a large extent. Church leadership also influenced laity involvement and Church growth to a large extent. It was recommended that the Church leadership should tap into the latent human resource it has among the laity who are willing to serve by deliberately identifying and nurturing the different gifts for works of service. The laity who are willing to serve are merely waiting for directions from the leadership to carry on the mission of God. Ministries that have direct impact on the propagation of the gospel such as Evangelism, need to be better organised to encourage the participation of the laity who are not yet engaged in ministry. The Church should also come up with mentoring programmes to equip and empower the laity to be more actively involved in new Church growth and intentionally establish new branches to give the laity more opportunities for service.Item Open Access Social Factors Affecting Performance of Women Enterprenuers: A Case of Small and Medium Enterprises in Ruiru,Kiambu County Kenya(Pan Africa Christian University, 2017-10) Maina, Everlyne VunyifwaThe aim of this study was to establish social factors influencing the performance of women entrepreneurs in Ruiru Town in Kenya. Entrepreneurs are the most important actors of the economy of any country. Globally they are the inventors of new products and services; they create new jobs and wealth. Entrepreneurship has been a male dominated phenomenon but the situation has been changing with time. Women being the backbone of economies in developing countries and specifically in Kenya, play a significant role to ensure their families are “well up". The research focused on the women entrepreneurs and their characteristics. The social factors are cultural values, attitude of the women entrepreneurs, and the role of skills in the women entrepreneurs. The study determined how social factor influenced the women entrepreneurs' performance. The researcher worked with a case of twenty five women entrepreneurs from Ruiru town as the sample study. The sample was in five different strata and each stratum had five women which they were selected randomly. The researcher focused on the cultural values, attitude of the entrepreneur and social role expectations as the independent variables of the conceptual frame work as the social factors affecting the women entrepreneurs. The performance of the women entrepreneur was the dependent variables. The performance variables were profitability, sales/volumes, increase of customers, asset growth, business expansion and increase of staff. Descriptive survey was the data collection method. This method of research was preferred because the researcher was able to collect data which was used to answer questions concerning the current status of the subject of study. The researcher used a questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions for data collection. The social factors that influence women entrepreneurs such as education are paramount. Women who are degree holders venture in entrepreneurship are few. Entrepreneurial skills and management skills influence the woman entrepreneur performance as a leader to a very high extent. Gender as a social factor did not have a high influence on the performance of the women entrepreneurs. Social role expectation and cultural values had influence to the performance while positive attitude had a positive influence on the performance of the women entrepreneurs. From the findings, skills and education have a high extent of influence on the performance of women entrepreneurs as leaders. Therefore women need to be equipped through training of entrepreneurial skills and leadership skills. Entrepreneurship training should also be made compulsory in higher learning institutions. Empowering women entrepreneurs can create employment.Item Open Access Corporate Governance and Performance of National Government - Constituencies Development Fund in Kiambu County(Pan Africa Christian University, 2017-10) Waiyaki, Isabel NThe introduction of National–Government Constituencies Development Fund (NG-CDF) had the aim of devolving resources to the remote areas of Kenya with an aim of eradicating poverty. There has been increased allocation of funds to the NG-CDFs. However, even with increased allocation, the performance of the NG-CDF has been below par with poor provision of public services in many NG-CDFs. There is a general perception by the public that NG-CDF institutions are not transparent, open, accountable and fair. There have also been instances of inability to account for funds in some constituencies. Despite this problem of poor performance and poor governance aspects, there’s no indepth study on the link between corporate governance practices and the performance of NG-CDF especially in Kiambu County. The study thus aimed at addressing this problem and filling this research gap. The objective was to determine the effect of corporate governance on the performance of the NG-CDF in Kiambu County. Secondary data, descriptive and explanatory research designs were used. The data was collected using a questionnaire with the fund account managers and/or NG-CDF board chairmen as the targeted respondents. The 12 NG-CDF institutions composed the population. Data was analysed using STATA statistical package and the model estimated was the random effects. The results indicated that accountability was positively related with NG-CDFs’ performance. Board effectiveness as represented by the board size was negatively related to the performance of the NG-CDF. The study recommends that NG-CDF national board and the NG-CDF institutions should ensure appropriate and timely auditing and realistic plans for the whole process starting with disbursement of funds. They also ought to determine reasonable low number of members in the board.Item Open Access The Impact of Leadership Practices on Service Quality : A Case of a Private University in Nairobi County(Pan Africa Christian University, 2019-07) Saisi, Elias MHigher education institutions and more specifically, private universities have faced increasing pressure on many fronts in the recent past. The pressure includes: increased competition from both the existing and upcoming public and private universities, an increase in the size and diversity of the student population, dealing with the fast changing technology, increased calls for accountability, a higher demand for quality by all the stakeholders involved, more responsibility for research and teaching and greater emphasis on efficient and effective management. This case study investigated the impact of leadership practices on service quality in private universities in Kenya and was guided by three specific objectives: to identify leadership practices that impact on service quality, to determine how leadership practices impact on service quality, and to identify which leadership practice has the most impact on service quality. The study adopted the service quality model; the leadership practices inventory model and transformational leadership theory. The target population of this study was students and staff from the selected university. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the students and staff who participated in the study. Quantitative method research and correlation design were used in this study. Quantitative data was collected from the respondents using two survey instruments: the leadership practices inventory to conduct a leadership survey while the service quality instrument, for the service quality survey. The university vice chancellor and some selected subordinates completed the leadership practices inventory survey. 60 students from the university completed the service quality questionnaire. Correlation analysis and a linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The findings of the study indicated a strong positive linear correlation between the leadership practices of the vice chancellor and the service quality experienced by students at the university. The study is beneficial to the university, the public and government, policy makers in the ministry of education, other universities and future researchers. It recommends that the Vice Chancellor should model the way by clarifying values, lead by example and align actions with the organization’s shared values to ensure service quality. Future studies may be conducted in other service sectors to promote a better understanding of the impact of leadership on service quality.Item Open Access The Extent of Leadership Competencies Influence on Church Relationships: A Case of Mbale PAG Pastorate in Uganda(Pan Africa Christian University, 2017-09) Labu, AlfredThis study investigated the extent of leadership competencies influence on Church relationships. Many Christian Churches were experiencing relationships challenges in their congregation which had continued to affect Church relationships. There were more and more voices that questioned the way church leaders influenced these relationships. These voices attributed what could be happening in PAG Church; infighting, divisions, taking one another to courts of law. This could be because of both leadership and congregants. Therefore, this study examined how leadership competencies influenced these relationships either positively or negatively in Mbale PAG Churches. The study examined the extent of leadership competencies influence on Church relationships in Pentecostal Assemblies of God Church- Mbale PAG pastorate and investigated whether these competencies affected relationships or not. The leading research question was; to what extent leadership competencies influenced church relationships in Mbale PAG Church? This study sought to find out to what extent the leadership competencies influenced relationships of the leadership and congregants in PAG Mbale Church. The study employed a mixed design method analysis model, which used both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Questionnaires were used to collect data from the respondents. The actual sample taken was 40 respondents though two respondents never turned in their responses leading to a final sample size of 38. The study revealed that the four leadership competencies of vision, communication, collaboration and inspiration had high influence and influenced church relationships to a large extent. This research therefore recommended that leadership both in the church and secular should play a great and critical role and use these competencies in order to enhance relationships in the twenty first century and beyond. From the findings, it revealed that vision had high influence on Church relationships; communication had a high influence and enhanced church relationships, collaboration was found to be an essential ingredient in Church relationships, and that leaders had a greater role to play through inspiration for successful Church relationships. The study recommends that the same research be replicated in other PAG pastorates within PAG Uganda, Pentecostal churches in Uganda and Africa and secular organizations. The key words are; Leadership, Competencies, Influence and Relationships.Item Open Access Perceived Influence of Leadership Roles on Performance of Societies in Othaya and Mukurweini Sub Counties of Nyeri County in Kenya(Pan Africa Christian University, 2017-10) Murumba, Lucy WLeadership plays a key role in the performance of an organization. The need for effective leadership in Kenya’s coffee industry, is important specifically in ensuring that institutions for farmers such as co-operative societies accrue benefits to members and to the country at large. This is because coffee plays a significant role in Kenya’s economy through its contribution to foreign exchange earnings, family farm incomes, employment creation and food security. The smallholder coffee farmers’ rely on cooperative societies due to the advantage of economies of scale to market their coffee. There has been a general perception from the public that co-operatives are poorly managed, and lack transparency and accountability. Numerous challenges have been cited such as poor payments to farmers, disillusionment of farmers and subsequent abandonment of coffee farming and signal poor performance in Kenya’s coffee industry. This study used a mixed methods approach to determine the perceived influence of leadership roles on performance of coffee co-operative societies in Othaya and Mukurweini Sub-counties of Nyeri County in Kenya. The aim was to explore how respondents perceived leadership roles namely: building mutual trust and co-operation, ensuring social justice and morality, encouraging collective learning and developing and empowering people, influenced performance in co-operative societies. Information was gathered from five cooperative societies and a sample of 371 respondents using questionnaires distributed to the respondents and semi-structured interviews carried out with five secretary Managers. The results were analysed through a thematic and regression for both qualitative and quantitative data respectively. The results from the analysis revealed that the four roles were perceived to have positive influence on performance of co-operative societies with mutual trust and co-operation, and collective learning having significant influence compared to social justice and molarity and developing and empowering people. The expectations from the respondents were contrary to the real situation on the ground of poor performance, identifying a research gap that needed to be investigated. The results were discussed in light of future needs for leadership research, and in determining the changes necessary for leaders and members to develop desirable changes in organizational performance.Item Open Access The Principles of Servant Leadership and Performance of Clergy ACK Diocese of Kirinyaga(Pan Africa Christian University, 2017-10) Waraga, Michael MwangiThe purpose of this study was to investigate an assessment of the principles of servant leadership and performance of clergy in Anglican Church of Kenya diocese of Kirinyaga. Despite the adoption of principles of servant leadership by the Anglican diocese of Kirinyaga, the clergy performance does not match the expected outcomes. The study explored the specific objectives of influence of character oriented, people oriented leadership, process oriented leadership and task oriented leadership and how they influenced performance of the clergy. The target population for the study was 705, comprising of members of the congregation. Random sampling method was used to select a sample size of 71 church members. The data was collected using the questionnaire method of data collection. The data analysis in the study was done using SPSS. It was revealed that there was a strong, positive correlation between characters oriented leadership and clergy performance. Also there was a strong, positive correlation between people oriented leadership and clergy. There was a strong, positive correlation between task oriented leadership and clergy performance. Lastly there was a strong, positive correlation between process oriented leadership and clergy performance. The study recommends the character of the clergy needs to be strongly developed to enable and facilitate the performance of the clergy. The church should develop partnership with higher institutions of learning to improve training for empowerment. They will be required to develop a clear organizational structure and establish effective methods of controlling target which includes involving all the stakeholders in all the stages.Item Open Access Leadership Factors Affecting Compliance With Traffic Laws and Regulations Among Public Service Vehicle Drivers in Nairobi County(Panafrica Christian University, 2017-09) Tutui, Pamela MSexual satisfaction in marriage is an integral component of a marital relationship. Despite the numerous sensitization programs and seminars carried out in churches and other forums on improving marital relationships, very little has been done to address the influence of family of origin sexual values on sexual satisfaction among married women. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of family of origin sexual values on sexual satisfaction among married women. The study was conducted at ACK St. Andrew‟s Cathedral Church of Thika Diocese in Kiambu County, Kenya. This was done by sampling 48 married women aged between 20 to 40 years. The objectives of the study were to find out if there was transmission of sexual values in the family of origin, to establish the sexual values held by the sampled women, to establish the levels of sexual satisfaction of the sampled women and to establish if the sexual values from the family of origin had any impact on sexual satisfaction among the sampled women. A descriptive survey design with both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used that aimed at collecting in-depth information from sampled respondents through the use of focus group discussions as well as the questionnaires. The findings of this study established two major agents of transmission of sexual values. One of the agents of transmission of sexual values was found to be the family of origin that included the respondent immediate biological nuclear family and the extended family of origin that included grandparents, aunties, uncles and cousins. The study established that the extended family of origin played an almost equal role as the nuclear family because most of the respondents were brought up in the rural areas where families lived together as one big family. The other major agent of transmission of sexual values was found to be schools and friends of the respondents. Very few respondents mentioned media as an agent of transmission of sexual values. Fear of intimacy and inhibition of sexual feelings were established to be the most held sexual values among the sampled married women. Most of the sampled women reported low levels of sexual satisfaction in marriage. The findings of this study indicated that family of origin sexual values had a negative impact on sexual satisfaction among the sampled married women and especially to those with lower levels of differentiation of self. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that therapists working with couples or individuals in marriage should consider exploring the multigenerational transmission patterns that occurs in families which fuel the transmission of sexual values from one generation to the other. It was also suggested that the Ministry of Education consider incorporating professional therapists in developing curriculums on sex education especially for the students in the formative years of development.Item Open Access The Perceived Influence of Leadership on Organizational Performance: A Case Study of EKHC Ministry Training Colleges(Panafrica Christian University, 2017-10) Abdi, Tadesse FufaEducational institutions today operate in an increasingly dynamic environment and with it, a paradigm shift from management capabilities to an interest in leadership capabilities. The dynamism that characterizes the education sector calls for an investigation into the set of leadership competencies that have the greatest impact on organizational performance. This study investigated the perceived influence of the leadership of EKHC on organizational performance of its training institutions. The objectives of the study were: to examine the leadership competencies of EKHC leaders and their perceived influence on the performance of EKMTCs; to establish the perceived leadership style of EKHC leadership and their influence on the performance of EKMTCs, and to determine the perceived leadership strategies that can enhance the performance of EKMTCs. A descriptive research design was used to carry out the research in three EKHC institutions, namely Hosanna and Wolayita and the Jimma Leadership and Community Development College in Ethiopia. A total of 45respondents was purposively selected and comprised of principals and instructors, students and spiritual ministry leaders from the national headquarters. The zonal and district church leaders were also involved. The type of data was both quantitative and qualitative. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview guide and focus group discussions Descriptive analysis and content analysis techniques were used to analyze data. Results showed that perceptions of influence of leadership competencies on organization performance were varied, with some viewing the leadership in positive light while others expressed misgivings with the leadership’s role in enhancing performance in terms of collaboration and strategic thinking. All the student respondents were positive that the EKMTCs instructors were good role-models in line with servant leadership theory and this potentially meant the training colleges were effective in preparing students for ministry. Most of the respondents perceived that not all colleges were aligned with the overall organizational strategy. The study recommended the need or more participation in planning to enhance a sense of ownership of the EKMTCs, need for restructuring of the EKHC for better integration and reporting and for qualified leaders committed to transformation of the institutions It was also recommended that the EKHC leadership undertake further research on a suitable model to enable the EKMTC’s become financially sustainable.Item Open Access Leadership Choice and the Performance of Leaders in Voluntary Associations. A Case of Kisumu Clergy Fellowship(Panafrica Christian University, 2017-10) Olew, Tobias OdipoIn a dynamic environment such as that presented by the 21st century, leadership becomes a pivotal point of focus for any organization that wants to survive and desire success. Whether an organization has the right leaders it needs and how such leaders are chosen must concern every organization. Kisumu Clergy Fellowship (KCF) and its leaders have persistently contended with divided opinions about its leadership and mixed reactions about its performance. This study examined issues surrounding leadership performance within KCF in an attempt to provide insight into how to avoid past mistakes and failures associated with leadership, especially how the mode of leadership choice influenced leaders’ performance at KCF. This included factors that affect or influence such choice and how these relate to performance. The study used a descriptive survey design. The population of the study comprised of the 135 members of the Kisumu Clergy Fellowship, and especially focused on the period 2014-2016. The study employed stratified random sampling. The sample size included officials and KCF members from each of the zones that constitute KCF membership. A sample size of 45 was used. The Transformational Leadership Theory to identify the concepts under study. The primary data collection was done through questionnaires and subjected to descriptive analysis. The study found that while the mode of leadership choice had a relationship with leaders’ performance, such relationship was only to the extent that it affected the followers’ perception of the leader in terms of the legitimacy of his/her position but had no pivotal role in determining leadership performance. Factors that influence leadership choice like character, experience, professionalism, charisma and gender were found to also affect performance and needed to be considered as qualifying criteria for leadership choice. The study recommended that adopted modes of leadership choice must promote leader-acceptance and the factors influencing choice must be those with relevance to the responsibilities of the so chosen leaders. The study concluded that performance is affected and determined by diverse elements other than mere mode of leadership choice and the factors surrounding it