TD-Department of Communication, Languages & Linguistics (MST)
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Open Access Moderating Role of Psychhological Resilience on Work Related Stress and Mental well Being Among Aircraft Maintenance Personnel at Wilson Airport, Nairobi County, Kenya.(PAC University, 2025-12-04) Eunice Wambui KaranjaThe aviation sector is known for vibrant operations with demands for aircraft operations to be better, quicker, and safer, which meant that the personnel working on the aircraft has to meet tight deadlines and sometimes unrealistic operational demands. This demand subsequently generate work-related stress, affecting the mental well-being of the engineers. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of psychological resilience on mental well-being when an aircraft maintenance personnel is experiencing work related stress. In addition, the researcher aimed to understand whether the engineer’s level of resilience in bouncing back has a moderating effect in maintaining a stable mental well-being. The study was guided by three specific objectives: to determine the level of work-related stress among aircraft maintenance personnel at Wilson Airport in Nairobi, Kenya; to establish the relationship between work-related stress and the mental well-being of aircraft maintenance personnel at Wilson Airport in Nairobi, Kenya; and to examine the moderating role of psychological resilience on the relationship between work-related stress and mental well-being among aircraft maintenance personnel at Wilson Airport in Nairobi, Kenya. Transactional theory, psychological well-being theory, and resilience theory served as the guiding frameworks for the study. The study employed a cross-sectional research design. A survey method was used to collect quantitative data, and a stratified sampling method was employed. The data was analyzed using statistical software, SPSS version 23. The variables were measured using instruments that had been validated and declared reliable. The respondents filled three self-report questionnaire scales: the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRISC-10), and the Work-related Stress Scale. The number of respondents participating in the study was 257, including aircraft engineers from different Approved Maintenance Organizations located at Wilson Airport. A majority of respondents (51.6%), reported experiencing fairly low levels of stress, which suggests that more than half of the personnel at Wilson Airport experienced low stress levels. The study established a significant negative correlation between work-related stress and mental well-being, r=−0.634, p<0.01. Work-related stress negatively predicted mental well-being, β=−0.587, t=−13.257, p<0.01 A significant positive correlation was found between mental well-being and psychological resilience (r=0.549, p<0.01). The correlation between work-related stress and psychological resilience was negative (r=−0.444, p<0.01). Conclusion was drawn that stress levels varied across the workforce, with the majority experiencing low to moderate stress. The obtained significant negative relationship between the work-related stress and mental wellbeing underscores the critical impact that workplace stress can have on employees’ mental health. Employees with higher levels of resilience are better equipped to handle stress, which helps protect their mental well-being. The study recommended that counseling practitioners should focus on providing targeted interventions that address the specific stressors faced by aircraft maintenance personnel. Developing specialized counseling programs that incorporate resilience-building techniques can help employees better manage stress. Practitioners should also collaborate with airline companies to ensure that counseling services are accessible and tailored to the unique needs of the aviation workforce. A similar study should be conducted among other industry professionals such as pilots and cabin crew.Item Open Access Linguistic variation in multilingual setting: Evidence from Kenya, Africa(Verlag Dr. Muller (VDM), 2011-12-01) Njoroge, Martin C.The phonological and grammatical variations in the English spoken by teachers a! primary school level in Kenya present an interesting sociolinguistic area of investigation. This study set out to: identify and describe both phonological and grammatical variations in the English spoken by teachers at primary school level in Kenya; determine how these variations depart from the British standard variety; correlate the linguistic variation observed with the social variables of elhnicity, gender, educational level and rural-urban dichotomy; and discuss the implications of the emergent sociolinguistic patterns for pedagogy in Kenya. To achieve the aims of the study, we collected data from teachers in the rural areas of Bomet, Siaya and Thika districts and from Nairobi area, an urban setting. Judgemental sampling method and the social network approach guided us in choosing the required study sample. Classroom interactions were tape-recorded to obtain the language data and a questionnaire was used to elicit bio-data and information about educational qualifications and schools attended. In data collection, analysis, interpretation and discussion, we were guided by the Labovian Language Variation Theory. For the identification and description of the linguistic variations, description of the British Standard English as outlined in Roach (1998) and Wells (1982) for phonology and in Quirk et ai (1985) for grammar, were used as reference points. The general finding is that the English spoken by teachers at primary school level in Kenya varies from the British standard variety - the model that is supposed to be used at all the education tiers in Kenya. This variation cuts across all the social variables investigated. Of the social variables, ethnicity was found to impact heavily on both the phonological and grammatical systems in the spoken English that the sampled teachers used. Education was also found to influence the variations. In virtually all the linguistic categories observed, the spoken English of graduate teachers had fewer variations. The rural-urban dichotomy showed that urban speakers in the study sample approximated more to Standard English than their rural counterparts, especially in phonological variation. In the area of gender, although women generally recorded lower mean scores in most of the variants than men, the results of the analysis of variance show that at 5% level of significance, the difference was not statistically significant. These findings have implications for the various groups involved in language education in Kenya: policy-makers and syllabus designers; the Kenya National Examinations Council: publishing houses: language researchers; teacher-trainers; teachers and learners. The study argues for the consideration of the sociolinguistic reality of English in Kenya and adoption of a local variety of English, a variety that will be close to other standard varieties, thus making it possible for Kenyan speakers to maintain mutual intelligibility with international speakers of English while maintaining their Kenyan identity. This recommendation calls for an extensive research into English as it is used in Kenya, leading in turn to the description, codification and, ultimately, the use of Kenyan English in schools.