Ghala- PAC University Repository
Ghala is the institutional repository of the PAC University, managed by the University Library Team. The Repository is committed to store and preserve the University’s research outputs. Research outputs can include, but are not limited to, publications, conference proceedings, book chapters, monographs, theses,various forms of research data (video recordings, spreadsheets, computational scripts, code, images etc.), archives, presentations and others.
Communities in Ghala
Select a community to browse its collections.
Recent Submissions
Investing in Social Innovation For Sustainability: Identifying the Causal Effects in Pharmaceutical Distributors Targeting Informal Settlement Areas in Nairobi City, Kenya
(Pac University, 2026-05-23) Naomi M. Gaitho, Doctoral Fellow in Organizational Leadership, PAC University, Kenya, James M. Kilika, PhD, Nancy Muriuki, PhD,
This study reports empirical findings of a survey conducted among pharmaceutical distributors serving informal settlement areas in Nairobi city county. The pharmaceutical distributors face several challenges when serving these areas calling the management of the distributors to resort to social innovation as a viable strategy for business survival. The concern however is how sustainable such a strategy is to the survival of the business undertaken by the pharmaceutical distributors. The study was guided by the postulates of the Three Cycle and Tripple Bottom Line models to answer three objectives that sought to address how social innovation has been adopted, the level of sustainability attained as well as the effect of the level of social innovation
on the level of sustainability attained. The study drew its population from 30 pharmaceutical distributors targeting informal settlement areas in Nairobi and obtained primary data from managers heading 7 key departments in each distributor. The study was responded to by 168 managers from 30 pharmaceuticals representing 80.4% response rate. Two components of social innovation, namely promoting social values and community empowerment were extracted through Exploratory Factor Analysis and were found to be practiced to a moderate extent (M=3.6; SD=1.36) and contributed to high level of sustainability (M=3.808; S.D=1.025). A path analysis constructed using structural equation modelling indicated that the two components of
Social innovation have varying degrees of contribution to the three pillars of sustainability (planet, people & profit) with the highest being that on people (R2=4.03) and the least on profit(R2=3.46). Overall social innovation has a negative effect on sustainability (β=-0.13; p<0.05). The findings provide useful insights on the role of social innovation as a viable strategy for the sustainability of the pharmaceutical industry and makes suggestions on how it can be deployed to enhance sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry. The findings raise important implications on the relevance of the Three Cycle and Triple Bottom Line Models in explaining the role of social innovation in attaining the goal of sustainability in organizations.
MDV606 SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY 1
(Pac University, 2026-05-23) Pac University
MDV506 EARLY CHURCH HISTORY AND REFORMATION
(Pac University, 2026-05-21) Pac University
Collaborative Leadership and its Influence in Building and Sustaining Successful Cross-Functional Relationships in Organizations in Kenya.
(IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 2026-05-06) Gilbert A. Ang’ana; Jane Adhiambo Chiroma
Due to the current business and workplace complexities caused by the pandemic and diverse competition in the marketplace, organizations today are faced with many challenges more so in developing concerted shared values to get the most out of their employees and stakeholders more than ever before. This paper aims to investigate the influence of collaborative leadership in building and sustaining cross-functional relationships in organizations in Kenya by critically reviewing, integrating, and summarizing the theories and models within collaborative leadership. These theories play a significant role in developing the understanding of how organizations can successfully create interpersonal relationships and cross-functional collaborations. This
interpretive, hermeneutic qualitative paper reviews and discusses three major theories and models that relate to collaborative leadership practice based on secondary data to deduce collaborative leadership principles relevant for organizations. The study reviewed articles ranging from the year 2000 to date from seven leadership journals with search criteria as collaborative leadership, and collaborative theories. The three theories highlighted are, the Three Needs Theory, the Theory of Negotiated Order, and the Clear Leadership Model. The study proposes three critical collaborative leadership dimensions that aim to help organization leaders be successful in developing cross-functional collaborative relationships and partnerships: leading self, dedication to the “we”, and authentic engagement. The study also highlights that leaders must be able to facilitate productive relationships between employees by listening, understanding their impact, and have an open-minded attitude; handle the complexity of partnerships of different levels with ease, and have the patience to deal with very high levels of frustration by taking calm approach. This study highlights that if collaborative principles deduced from the theories and models are well understood, assimilated, and applied by leaders, their organizations would build solid cross-functional collaborative governance structures, establish clear operations and behaviors that will result in successful partnerships and collaborations at all levels.
Sustaining Credible Leadership in Organizations
(Journal of Human Resource & Leadership, 2026-05-06) Gilbert Atuto Angana
The mainstream media in Kenya, Africa, and the worldis full of scandalous information that questions the credibility of leaders who were thought to be effective. This is observable acrossall organization sectors from the religious, public sector, political and even the private sector and includessuch practices as corruption, manipulation of data and financial information, leadership wrangles, sexual harassment, among other such accusations of sexual misconduct which touches on prominent and perceived effective leaders. This has brought about severe gaps in leadership credibility. This literature review study examines the construct leader’s credibility in the context of credible leadership. Discussionsfocus on the development of credible leadership and the practices that are critical for leaders to build and sustain credibility and authenticity based on literature from the last two decades. The two perspectives of practices described are trustworthiness and competence which providesignificant applicationsfor leaders in the current dynamic organization context.